2020 B-LS4-4

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The Oklahoma Academic Standards for Science (OAS-S) are three-dimensional performance expectations representing the things students should know, understand, and be able to do to be proficient in science and engineering. Performance expectations are considered standards and include a science and engineering practice (indicated in blue and represent everyday skills of scientists and engineers), disciplinary core ideas (represented in orange and represent science ideas used by scientists and engineers), and a crosscutting concepts (indicated in green and represent ways of thinking like scientists and engineers).

Each dimension in the OAS-S grows in complexity and sophistication across the grades. To learn more about the prior knowledge and skills students have developed (or future knowledge/skills) associated with that specific dimension, each section in the standard below is hyperlinked to that specific vertical learning progression page.

B.LS4.4 Biological Unity and Diversity
B.LS4.4 Construct an explanation based on evidence for how natural selection leads to adaptation of populations.
Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on using data to provide evidence for how specific biotic and abiotic differences in ecosystems (such as ranges of seasonal temperature, long-term climate change, acidity, light, geographic barriers, or adaptation of other organisms) contribute to a change in gene frequency over time, leading to adaptation of populations.
Assessment Boundary: N/A
Science and Engineering Practices	Disciplinary Core Ideas	Crosscutting Concepts
Constructing Explanations Construct an explanation based on valid and reliable evidence obtained from a variety of sources (including students’ own investigations, models, theories, simulations, peer review) and the assumption that theories and laws that describe the natural world operate today as they did in the past and will continue to do so in the future.	Adaptation Natural selection leads to adaptation, that is, to a population dominated by organisms that are anatomically, behaviorally, and physiologically well suited to survive and reproduce in a specific environment. That is, the differential survival and reproduction of organisms in a population that have an advantageous heritable trait leads to an increase in the proportion of individuals in future generations that have the trait and to a decrease in the proportion of individuals that do not. Changes in the physical environment, whether naturally occurring or human induced, have thus contributed to the expansion of some species, the emergence of new distinct species as populations diverge under different conditions, and the decline–and sometimes the extinction–of some species.	Cause and Effect Empirical evidence is required to differentiate between cause and correlation and make claims about specific causes and effects.
Connections to other Performance Expectations in Biology
Natural Selection and Common Ancestry