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MS-ESS1-2

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MS-ESS1-2 Earth’s Place in the Universe
Students who demonstrate understanding can: Develop and use a model to describe the role of gravity in the motions within galaxies and the solar system.
Clarification Statement: Emphasis for the model is on gravity as the force that holds together the solar system and Milky Way galaxy and controls orbital motions within them. Examples of models can be physical (such as the analogy of distance along a football field or computer visualizations of elliptical orbits) or conceptual (such as mathematical proportions relative to the size of familiar objects such as their school or state).
Assessment Boundary: Assessment does not include Kepler’s Laws of orbital motion or the apparent retrograde motion of the planets as viewed from Earth.
Crosscutting Concepts	Science & Engineering Practices	Disciplinary Core Ideas
Systems and System Models: Models can be used to represent systems and their interactions.	Developing and Using Models: Modeling in 6–8 builds on K–5 experiences and progresses to developing, using, and revising models to describe, test, and predict more abstract phenomena and design systems. Develop and use a model to describe phenomena.	The Universe and Its Stars: Earth and its solar system are part of the Milky Way galaxy, which is one of many galaxies in the universe. Earth and the Solar System: The solar system consists of the sun and a collection of objects, including planets, their moons, and asteroids that are held in orbit around the sun by its gravitational pull on them. The solar system appears to have formed from a disk of dust and gas, drawn together by gravity.