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MS-ESS1-1

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MS-ESS1-1 Earth’s Place in the Universe
Students who demonstrate understanding can: Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons.
Clarification Statement: Earth’s rotation relative to the positions of the moon and sun describes the occurrence of tides; the revolution of Earth around the sun explains the annual cycle of the apparent movement of the constellations in the night sky; the moon’s revolution around Earth explains the cycle of spring/neap tides and the occurrence of eclipses; the moon’s elliptical orbit mostly explains the occurrence of total and annular eclipses. Examples of models can be physical, graphical, or conceptual.
Assessment Boundary: N/A
Crosscutting Concepts	Science & Engineering Practices	Disciplinary Core Ideas
Patterns: Patterns can be used to identify cause- and-effect relationships.	Developing and Using Models: Modeling in 6–8 builds on K–5 experiences and progresses to developing, using, and revising models to describe, test, and predict more abstract phenomena and design systems. Develop and use a model to describe phenomena.	The Universe and Its Stars: Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. Earth and the Solar System: The model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth’s spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the differential intensity of sunlight on different areas of Earth across the year.