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3-PS2-1 Motion and Stability: Forces and Interactions
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| Students who demonstrate understanding can: Plan and conduct investigations on the effects of balanced and unbalanced forces on the motion of an object. (Connected to 3-PS2-2) |
Clarification Statement: Examples could include an unbalanced force on one side of a ball can make it start moving; and, balanced forces pushing on a box from opposite sides will not produce any motion at all.
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Assessment Boundary: Assessment is limited to one variable at a time: number, size, or direction of forces. Assessment does not include quantitative force size, only qualitative and relative. Assessment is limited to gravity being addressed as a force that pulls objects down.
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Crosscutting Concepts
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Science & Engineering Practices
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Disciplinary Core Ideas
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Cause and Effect:
- Cause and effect relationships are routinely identified.
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Planning and Carrying Out Investigations:
- To answer questions or test solutions to problems in 3–5 builds on K–2 experiences and progresses to include investigations that control variables and provide evidence to support explanations or design solutions.
- Plan and conduct an investigation collaboratively to produce data to serve as the basis for evidence, using fair tests in which variables are controlled and the number of trials considered.
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Forces and Motion:
- Each force acts on one particular object and has both strength and a direction. An object at rest typically has multiple forces acting on it, but they add to give zero net force on the object. Forces that do not sum to zero can cause changes in the object’s speed or direction of motion. (Boundary: Qualitative and conceptual, but not quantitative addition of forces are used at this level.)
Types of Interactions:
- Objects in contact exert forces on each other.
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